Glad my code could make decisions

Welcome back to Pandas Daily! Your daily 5-minute boost to becoming confident in Python.

Today we talk about the real decision-makers in Python: conditionals

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Conditionals control the flow of your code. They decide what happens based on whether the "condition" is true or false.

⛳ It all starts with a simple IF

  In [1]:
  
  age = 20

  if age > 18:

      print("You can vote") # only prints if age is greater than 18

  Out [1]: You can vote

✅ Double check if you don't agree.

  In [2]:
  
  age = 16

  if age > 18:

      print("You can vote")

  Out [2]:

After IFs there should be ~~BUTs~~ ELSE 😱

  In [3]:
  
  age = 16

  if age >= 18:

      print("You can vote")

  else:

      print("Too young to vote")

  Out [3]: Too young to vote

Note: Conditions are executed in a sequence. When "IF" condition is correct then code inside "IF" is executed, otherwise its skipped all together and moves to "ELSE"

🤞 When one if isn’t enough, elif gives your code another chance

  In [4]:
  
  score = 75

  # conditions checked sequentially, stops when any is satisfied 

  if score >= 90:

      print("Grade A")

  elif score >= 75:

      print("Grade B")

  else:

      print("Work harder")

  Out [4]: Grade B

🪞 Two variables can also be compared directly (x vs y)

  In [5]:
  
  x = 10

  y = 20

  if x < y:

      print("x is less than y")

  Out [5]: x is less than y

🏆 You can compare strings too

  In [6]:

  fruit = "apple"

   # '=' is used twice to compare strings 

  if fruit == "apple":

      print("Fruit is apple")

  Out [6]: Fruit is apple

🌪️ IF inside an IF (IFception 😁) - Nested IFs

  In [7]:

  x = 10

  y = 20

  if x < y:

      if y < 30:

          print("x is less than y and y is less than 30")

  Out [7]: x is less than y and y is less than 30

💪 The bouncer outside the pub uses "AND" as both conditions need to hold

  In [8]:

  age = 22

  has_id = True

  if age >= 18 and has_id:

      print("Allowed to enter")

  else:

      print("Not allowed to enter")

  Out [8]: Allowed to enter

↔️ I am available for dates on any day ("OR" condition) of the weekend

  In [9]:

  day = "Saturday"

  if day == "Saturday" or day == "Sunday":

      print("It's a weekend")

  else:

      print("It's a weekday")

  Out [9]: It's a weekend

⚔️ Two negatives make a positive (NOT is a negative condition)

  In [10]:

  is_raining = False

  if not is_raining:

      print("You can go outside")

  else:

      print("Take an umbrella")

  Out [10]: You can go outside

In simple terms - NOT flips the answer — true becomes false, false becomes true.

🪣 Save condition output in a variable ("result")

  In [11]:

  score = 85

  result = "Pass" if score >= 50 else "Fail"

  print(result)

  Out [11]: Pass

🥪 Check if something (x) is stuck between something (1 and 9)

  In [12]:

  x = 5

  if x > 0 and x < 10:

      print("x is between 1 and 9")

  Out [12]: x is between 1 and 9

Another way..

  In [13]:

  x = 15

  if 10 < x <= 20:

      print("x is between 11 and 20")

  Out [13]: x is between 11 and 20

🌧️ "IN" to check if an item exists in the list (can be used for dictionaries, tuples as well)

  In [14]:

  fruit = "apple"

  if fruit in ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]:
  
      print("Fruit is in the list")

  Out [14]: Fruit is in the list

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